Volume 29, Issue 163, September 2025

About the Cover

Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds that we consume daily in large amounts through food. They have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Researchers have shown that these compounds affect the health of an expectant mother and her developing baby; however, their effects are twofold and can be both positive and negative. In this review, studies from the past 20 years listed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were examined using terms such as “polyphenols in pregnancy,” “oxidative stress,” “fetal development,” and “ductus arteriosus.” The papers show that a moderate intake of certain polyphenols (especially resveratrol, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), and curcumin) may help lower the risk of pregnancy problems related to oxidative stress, including preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. However, very high doses can be harmful, for example, by triggering early closure of the ductus arteriosus in late pregnancy, and some polyphenol may disturb the first stages of pregnancy. While many authors focus on potential benefits, overuse could leave lasting adverse effects on the fetus. More human studies are needed to set safe polyphenols intake limits and create clear dietary guidelines for pregnant women.

Previous | Next

REVIEW

Maternal Polyphenol Consumption and Pregnancy Outcomes: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Joanna Karina Banaśkiewicz, Martyna Zwierzchowska, Agata Antoniak, Anna Maria Jocz, Natalia Katarzyna Wagner-Bieleń, Anna Centkowska, Jakub Ziółkowski, Gabriela Helena Dąbrowska, Maria Anna Żmijewska, Aleksandra Maria Żyta

Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds that we consume daily in large amounts through food. They have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Researchers have shown that these compounds affect the health of an expectant mother

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e151ms3683

Abstract | PDF

The efficacy of xylometazoline, the risk of rhinitis medicamentosa (RM), and treatment strategies: A review of published studies

Michał Klimas, Dominik Jucha, Martyna Winiarska, Dominika Wiśniewska, Arkadiusz Jamro, Sabina Krupa- Nurcek

Rhinitis medicamentosa is a chronic condition of the nasal mucosa caused by the overuse of decongestants containing α-mimetic drugs such as xylometazoline or oxymetazoline.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e152ms3702

Abstract | PDF

CASE REPORT

Maternal Polyphenol Consumption and Pregnancy Outcomes: Current Evidence and Perspectives

Klaudia Miklusiak, Karol Miklusiak

Introduction: Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's disease (HT) are autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland, with different pathophysiological mechanisms. In GD, antibodies against the TSH receptor cause hyperthyroidism, while in HT, there are anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies, which cause hypothyroidism

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e153ms3668

Abstract | PDF

REVIEW

Bilateral acute iris transillumination syndrome following oral moxifloxacin – a diagnostic challenge and review of the literature

Julia Krotofil, Julia Sztubińska, Julia Urbańska, Paula Szarek, Marta Tortyna, Olga Samsel, Danuta Borowska, Natalia Sioch, Kamil Nieczaj, Maciej Trzciński, Marta Urszula Marciniak

Bilateral Acute Iris Transillumination (BAIT) syndrome is a unique, uncommon, drug-related ocular condition that presents with bilateral pigment dispersion, diffuse iris transillumination, and raised intraocular pressure

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e154ms3638

Abstract | PDF

Wearable Devices for Arrhythmia Detection: Clinical Utility, Limitations, Ethical Considerations and Future Directions

Maciej Janowski, Marta Górska, Paweł Czyż, Jakub Górski, Antonina Strzałkowska

The new era of wearable devices has brought us the potential, though limited, to monitor our health. The main purpose of cardiovascular monitoring is the detection of AF (atrial fibrillation).

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e155ms3699

Abstract | PDF

CASE REPORT

The use of lipid-colloid technology healing matrix dressings impregnated with silver and nanooligosaccharide particles in the treatment of post-burn wounds of the right foot in a female patient with multiple thermal burns

Żanna Gawrysz, Agnieszka Witowska, Stanisław Derewjanko

Among all injuries, burns occupy a fairly serious place. High temperatures, electric current chemicals, and ionizing radiation can cause burns. There are four degrees of burns, depending on the depth of tissue damage.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e156ms3669

Abstract | PDF

REVIEW

Efficacy and Safety of Ensifentrine in Moderate to Severe COPD: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials

Paula Szarek, Julia Urbańska, Danuta Borowska, Kamil Nieczaj, Julia Sztubińska, Marta Urszula Marciniak, Marta Tortyna, Natalia Sioch, Julia Krotofil, Olga Samsel, Maciej Trzciński

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a lung condition that restricts airflow, causes ongoing inflammation, and results in frequent flare-ups. It has a significant impact on health and death rates around the world

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e157ms3649

Abstract | PDF

Seborrheic dermatitis current information on diagnosis and treatment: A literature review

Julia Urbańska, Danuta Borowska, Kamil Nieczaj, Julia Sztubińska, Marta Urszula Marciniak, Marta Tortyna, Natalia Sioch, Julia Krotofil, Paula Szarek, Olga Samsel, Maciej Trzciński

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is inflammatory disease which is chronic and relapsing. It primarily affects areas with abundant sebaceous glands. It most often occurs on the scalp, face, and upper trunk

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e158ms3624

Abstract | PDF

Molecular Signatures of Bipolar Disorder: A Review of Genetic and Epigenetic Evidence

Strzałkowska Antonina, Czyż Paweł, Janowski Maciej, Górska Marta, Górski Jakub

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterised by episodic shifts between depressive and manic states. BD has a highly polygenic architecture, which contributes to its substantial heritability and clinical variability

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e159ms3704

Abstract | PDF

CASE REPORT

The impact of the use of silicone dressings on reducing the extent of surgical intervention in the treatment of second- and thirddegree burns

Żanna Gawrysz, Agnieszka Witowska, Stanisław Derewjanko

A burn is the result of an injury caused by the action of energy (high temperature, electric current, ionizing radiation, or chemical substances). Assessing the extent and depth of a burn wound directly after the injury is difficult

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e160ms3671

Abstract | PDF

ARTICLE

Understanding and implementation of clinical waste management among healthcare professionals: A crosssectional survey conducted at a military hospital in central Saudi Arabia

Ashraf E Saad, Nurrahifah Tajudin, Shaqra I Shali, Hassan M Aldossary, Bashir Ighile

Background: The hospitals around the globe diverge in the execution and management of clinical waste and face diverse challenges in launching efficient procedures & practices

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e161ms3685

Abstract | PDF

CASE REPORT

Case description: Complex treatment of chronic breast wounds using intermediate thickness skin grafts and supportive therapies

Julia Nosko, Adrianna Truszyńska-Zawisza, Natalia Sioch, Julia Krotofil, Wojciech Jasek

Medium-thickness grafts are a prevalent treatment for a multitude of conditions, including chronic wounds, ulcers, and burn wounds. They are also widely used in reconstructive surgery

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e162ms3700

Abstract | PDF

REVIEW

Psychopharmacological interventions for co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders: a comprehensive review

Paweł Czyż, Marta Górska, Jakub Górski, Maciej Janowski, Antonina Strzałkowska

The co-occurrence of mental disorders and a substance use disorder, referred to as dual diagnosis, is perhaps the most clinically demanding condition because both disorders mutually exacerbate each other

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e163ms3703

Abstract | PDF

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation in Sports. A Literature Review on Its Role in Mitigating Muscle Soreness and Enhancing Training Efficacy

Wiktor Żyro, Michał Stasiak, Karolina Woźniak, Adam Woźniak, Franciszek Glapiński, Katarzyna Żyro, Klaudia Malec

Athletes commonly use branched-chain amino acids to hasten recovery and decrease muscle soreness thus leading to increase in training frequency. Studies indicate that BCAA may modestly reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e164ms3705

Abstract | PDF

The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease: A review of the literature

Greta Steć, Agata Brzyska, Jan Siemianowski, Weronika Kotnis, Magdalena Pawlak, Sandra Prolejko, Błażej Gajęcki, Justyna Kopala, Tomasz Kucharski, Weronika Buczek

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation, and neuroinflammation. While classical hypotheses—the amyloid cascade, tau protein pathology, and chronic inflammation

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e165ms3654

Abstract | PDF

Lycopene: antioxidant properties and medical applications. A review of the literature

Żanna Gawrysz, Karolina Capar, Stanisław Derewjanko, Joanna Gaik, Julia Woźniak, Zofia Cholewa

In recent years, lycopene and its effects on the body have become a popular topic for research due to the distinctive anti-inflammatory properties of this compound

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e166ms3678

Abstract | PDF

ARTICLE

Assessment of quality of life in opinion of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis

Patrycja Patronik, Izabella Prządo, Łukasz Karaś, Sabina Krupa-Nurcek

Background: Multiple sclerosis is a disease characterized by multifocal damage to the central nervous system. The incurable and progressive nature of this disease significantly affects the quality of life of patients

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e167ms3650

Abstract | PDF

REVIEW

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

Jan Wojdal, Katarzyna Ciepłucha, Aleksandra Wądołowska, Barbara Przybył, Zuzanna Mogilany, Blanka Serafin-Juszczak, Karolina Kusek, Maria Wydra, Michał Wilk, Daniel Narożniak

Background: Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a modifiable factor in multiple sclerosis pathology, but its clinical significance and therapeutic potential are still uncertain. Aim: Summarise current evidence on (i) characteristic gut microbiota changes in MS, (ii) mechanistic links between dysbiosis and neuro-immune injury, and (iii) early outcomes of microbiota-targeted interventions

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e168ms3714

Abstract | PDF

The effectiveness of different pain relief methods in palliative care: An analysis of pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management approaches

Monika Kondracka, Michał Bielecki, Anna Bieda, Kamil Kondracki, Agata Zapałowska, Milena Szczepańska, Wojciech Kozłowski, Paulina Opoka, Sergiusz Stawarz- Kobyliński

Pain management is currently one of the most difficult challenges in modern medicine. Despite the availability of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, it is not easy to completely eliminate it from patients' lives

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e169ms3645

Abstract | PDF

Crohn’s Disease - Role of Diet and Physical Activity in Inducing and Maintaining Remission

Jan Wojdal, Katarzyna Ciepłucha, Aleksandra Wądołowska, Barbara Przybył, Zuzanna Mogilany, Blanka Serafin-Juszczak, Karolina Kusek, Maria Wydra, Michał Wilk, Daniel Narożniak

Background: Diet and physical activity are modifiable factors recommended to assist pharmacotherapy in Crohn’s Disease (CD); however, their relative effectiveness and underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently understood.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e170ms3712

Abstract | PDF

Venous thrombosis in athletes - a literature review

Jakub Ziółkowski, Natalia Katarzyna Wagner-Bieleń, Martyna Zwierzchowska, Agata Antoniak, Anna Maria Jocz, Anna Centkowska, Joanna Karina Banaśkiewicz, Aleksandra Maria Żyta, Gabriela Helena Dąbrowska, Maria Anna Żmijewska

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a health concern with serious morbidity and mortality. While athletes are perceived as healthy with a lower VTE incidence than general population, they are exposed to many unique risk factors

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e171ms3708

Abstract | PDF

Sarcopenia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases

Maria Anna Żmijewska, Natalia Katarzyna Wagner-Bieleń, Martyna Zwierzchowska, Agata Antoniak, Anna Maria Jocz, Anna Centkowska, Joanna Karina Banaśkiewicz, Aleksandra Maria Żyta, Gabriela Helena Dąbrowska, Jakub Ziółkowski

Background: Sarcopenia, characterized by a progressive decrease in skeletal muscle mass and decline in muscle function, is a common factor amongst patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e172ms3710

Abstract | PDF

Update on chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer - A review

Gutowska Marika, Ciechanowicz Julia, Ciechanowicz Stanisław, Dura Julia, Kupidłowski Piotr, Nowacka Agata, Perzanowska Adrianna, Przybylska Aleksandra, Tomaszewska Zuzanna, Zielińska Anna

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a pathological fibro-inflammatory disorder. Pancreatic cancer (PC) is known to be one of the most deadly types of cancer, and its early detection remains difficult

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e173ms3647

Abstract | PDF

Curcumin as a neuroprotective agent: mechanisms and therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases, acute brain injuries, and neuroinflammation. A review of the literature

Żanna Gawrysz, Zofia Cholewa, Stanisław Derewjanko, Joanna Gaik, Julia Woźniak, Karolina Capar

Curcumin is a bioactive compound that comes from the underground stem of the plant called turmeric or Curcuma longa. Researchers have studied curcumin due to its anti-inflammatory and oxidative properties.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e174ms3680

Abstract | PDF

The Gut-Brain Axis: Role of Gut Microbiota in Depression - Systematic Review

Blanka Serafin-Juszczak, Michał Wilk, Daniel Narożniak, Karolina Kusek, Katarzyna Ciepłucha, Aleksandra Wądołowska, Zuzanna Mogilany, Barbara Przybył, Jan Wojdal, Maria Wydra

The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional biochemical communication system that connects the digestive tract and the central nervous system. Emerging studies show that the transmitters released by the gut microbiome can even influence brain

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e175ms3720

Abstract | PDF

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and their role in soft tissue and bone healing after sports injuries: a literature review

Brzyska Agata, Kucharski Tomasz, Steć Greta, Pawlak Magdalena, Prolejko Sandra, Gajęcki Błażej, Kopala Justyna, Wiśniewski Mikołaj, Siemianowski Jan, Kotnis Weronika

Purpose: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly used drugs in healing musculoskeletal injuries in sports medicine. However, this approach is controversial because NSAIDs inhibit the inflammatory response

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e176ms3652

Abstract | PDF

Thrombotic risk associated with contraceptive choices in women with thrombophilia. A review of the literature

Żanna Gawrysz, Julia Woźniak, Stanisław Derewjanko, Zofia Cholewa, Joanna Gaik, Karolina Capar

Inherited thrombophilia is related to an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. The Factor V Leiden mutation is usually the genetic cause and can be detected using relatively straightforward genetic tests.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e177ms3679

Abstract | PDF

Inflammation and Depression: Biological Links and Implications for Treatment Response

Strzałkowska Antonina, Czyż Paweł, Janowski Maciej, Górska Marta, Górski Jakub

Research from the last two decades indicates that inflammation plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of depression. Numerous studies have reported elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e178ms3706

Abstract | PDF

Artificial Intelligence in Emergency Radiology - A Review

Maria Jasiewicz, Anita Warzocha, Anita Krowiak, Piotr Pitrus, Karolina Krowiak, Wiktoria Hander, Gabriela Majka, Aleksandra Karnas, Karol Bednarz, Magdalena Kowalczyk

This article discusses the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology, with a particular focus on its application in emergency departments. Due to the rise in imaging tests, which often involve medical emergencies, radiologists are experiencing an increase in workload

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e179ms3688

Abstract | PDF

Literature Review of Stucco Keratosis - Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies

Danuta Borowska, Julia Urbańska, Kamil Nieczaj, Julia Sztubińska, Marta Urszula Marciniak, Marta Tortyna, Natalia Sioch, Julia Krotofil, Paula Szarek, Olga Samsel, Maciej Trzciński, Wojciech Modzelewski

Stucco keratosis is a benign, asymptomatic skin condition characterized by small, white-to-gray papules, typically observed on the lower extremities of older adults. It is a relatively common dermatological finding in elderly populations, especially in males.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e180ms3630

Abstract | PDF

Isotretinoin dosing in acne vulgaris: consensus or conviction?

Wojciech Modzelewski, Danuta Borowska

Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) was approved in 1982 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of nodulocystic acne. Currently, it is also used in the management of other dermatological conditions

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e181ms3673

Abstract | PDF

Dietary and gut microbial factors in the development of bipolar disorder

Witold Czarnik, Anna Broniecka, Karol Batko, Aleksandra Jakubczak, Stanisław Malik, Katarzyna Wacławek, Klaudia Głodowska, Małgorzata Bacik, Bartłomiej Józef Rdzanek

Recent scientific studies have proven that gut microbiota functions as a critical factor in mental disorder development, including bipolar disorder (BD), Depression, and Schizophrenia

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e182ms3718

Abstract | PDF

Beyond Pregnancy: The Role of Progesterone Deficiency and Fluctuations in Women's Health Disorders

Natalia Skrzypska, Hubert Ziembicki, Justyna Wróblewska, Paulina Wasilewska, Olga Wojtczak, Kacper Zagaja

Progesterone is a steroid hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating the menstrual cycle. A deficiency, often called Luteal Phase Defect (LPD), can lead to pregnancy complications, but also other symptoms

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e183ms3722

Abstract | PDF

Comparative Outcomes of Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Structured Review

Mykola Sobchynskyi, Andrzej Myrny, Dmytro Kowalczuk, Wiktoria Kasianik, Darya Lazitskaya, Kamil Turlej, Valeryia Milasheuskaya, Iga Kiełbaszewska, Natalia Surosz, Katsiaryna Miraniuk, Dawid Wiczkowski

Radical prostatectomy is the most common therapy method used in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. There are three main approaches to this surgery: open radical prostatectomy (ORP), laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), and robotassisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e184ms3711

Abstract | PDF

More Than Hypermobility: Understanding Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome in Women – A Literature Review

Aleksandra Maria Żyta, Martyna Zwierzchowska, Joanna Karina Banaśkiewicz, Natalia Katarzyna Wagner-Bieleń, Gabriela Helena Dąbrowska, Agata Antoniak, Anna Maria Jocz, Anna Centkowska, Maria Anna Żmijewska, Jakub Ziółkowski

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) is one of 13 recognised subtypes of inherited connective tissue disorders known as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. It is the most common form, accounting for 80-90% of cases.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e185ms3715

Abstract | PDF

The Association Between Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence

Marta Tortyna, Julia Sztubińska, Marta Urszula Marciniak, Danuta Borowska, Julia Urbańska, Paula Szarek, Olga Samsel, Natalia Sioch, Julia Krotofil, Maciej Trzciński, Kamil Nieczaj

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic problem developed during pregnancy and has serious health consequences for women and children, short- and long-term

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e186ms3640

Abstract | PDF

Effects of cannabinoids on neurodegenerative diseases

Marek Żygłowicz, Adam Torbicki, Michał Korpalski, Maria Pawluczyk, Krzysztof Pawlikowski, Mateusz Marciniak, Dominik Augustyn, Piotr Gaworek, Alicja Trybuła

Cannabinoids, a group of chemical compounds naturally occurring in cannabis, are attracting growing interest in the medical world due to their therapeutic potential

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e187ms3717

Abstract | PDF

Functional constipation in children and adolescents - etiology, treatment and management in clinical practice

Aleksandra Wądołowska, Michał Wilk, Daniel Narożniak, Karolina Kusek, Katarzyna Ciepłucha, Jan Wojdal, Zuzanna Mogilany, Barbara Przybył, Mateusz Mierniczek, Maria Wydra

Background: Functional constipation (FC) is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disease in children, affecting approximately 14.4% of the pediatric population worldwide.

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e188ms3719

Abstract | PDF

Psychological Impact of Acne in Adults and Adolescents - Narrative Review

Jan Wojdal, Michał Wilk, Daniel Narożniak, Karolina Kusek, Katarzyna Ciepłucha, Aleksandra Wądołowska, Zuzanna Mogilany, Barbara Przybył, Blanka Serafin- Juszczak, Maria Wydra

Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most severe and widespread skin conditions. It affects the skin yet causes substantial psychological effects, which primarily affect people in their adolescent and young adult years across the world

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e189ms3716

Abstract | PDF

Tirzepatide in weight management and metabolic fitness: clinical efficacy, safety, and future applications in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and sports nutrition

Klaudia Głodowska, Małgorzata Bacik, Kacper Kiereta, Zuzanna Cichowska, Katarzyna Wacławek, Jakub Żelazo, Aleksandra Rechcińska, Anna Ciesielka, Laura Chmielowiec, Bartłomiej Józef Rdzanek, Witold Czarnik

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease which states as most serious global health problems of current times, described as global pandemic

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e190ms3723

Abstract | PDF

The Impact of Obesity on the Development and Progression of Selected Autoimmune Diseases: Interplay Between Inflammation and Immune Dysregulation – A Review

Agnieszka Mariowska, Paulina Horwat, Anita Szymańska, Weronika Pierudzka, Marta Dzieciątkowska

Background: Obesity is a metabolic disorder and an immunomodulatory factor that may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Chronic low-grade inflammation

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e191ms3646

Abstract | PDF

Modern approaches in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy: future technologies and standards of modern therapy

Przemysław Ciszewski, Alicja Drelichowska, Michał Azierski, Emilia Wiśniewska

Achilles tendon tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal condition with clinical difficulties for both clinicians and patients. This review describes current management modalities, ranging from traditional methods

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e192ms3684

Abstract | PDF

Advances in Neuroregeneration and Multimodal Therapeutic Approaches for Post-Traumatic Trigeminal Neuropathy Following Maxillofacial Fractures: A Comprehensive Review

Jakub Górski, Marta Górska, Maciej Janowski, Paweł Czyż, Antonina Strzałkowska

Craniofacial fractures can result in a complication known as Post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PTTN). The symptoms associated with this condition include neuropathic pain and sensory loss

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e193ms3689

Abstract | PDF

The Association Between Excessive Weight Loss and the Development of Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome - A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence

Marta Urszula Marciniak, Marta Tortyna, Julia Sztubińska, Danuta Borowska, Julia Urbańska, Paula Szarek, Olga Samsel, Natalia Sioch, Julia Krotofil, Maciej Trzciński, Kamil Nieczaj

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS), is a rare but potentially serious condition resulting from compression of the third portion of the duodenum between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e194ms3643

Abstract | PDF

The Ethics of Human Genome Modification: Philosophical Perspectives, Social Justice, and Competitive Implications

Jan Bombuy Gimenez, Maja Ćwiek, Piotr Łapiński

This article studies the ethical implications of germinal human genome modification. The need for such ethical consideration has been underscored by realworld developments, as Dr He Jiankui, who announced in 2018

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e195ms3681

Abstract | PDF

The impact of anaesthetic gases on mean pressure in patients with septic shock undergoing surgery

Bartosz Zieliński, Karol Mateusz Wojnarowski, Justyna Gręda

Introduction: Septic shock is a critical condition that involves multi-organ dysfunction along with severe hypotension. Anesthesia, after all, frequently requires surgical intervention

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e196ms3701

Abstract | PDF

Is Lateral Neck Radiography a reliable tool in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Adenoid Hypertrophy?

Justyna Wróblewska, Natalia Skrzypska, Hubert Ziembicki, Paulina Wasilewska, Olga Wojtczak, Kacper Zagaja Gręda

Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the most prevalent pediatric conditions. This review aims to evaluate the diagnostic utility of lateral neck radiography in identifying and assessing adenoidal hypertrophy in children

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e197ms3727

Abstract | PDF