Volume 30, Issue 170, April 2026

Homocysteine and its potential in acute myocardial infarction diagnosis

Marcin Kaniewski^1♦, Maja Kondratowicz¹, Kamila Kałamarz², Kinga Żmuda³, Maciej Świerczyna⁴, Maja Czerniachowska⁵, Aleksandra Figzał², Martyna Wojnowska⁶, Wiktoria Polkowska⁷, Michał Grabek²

¹The Independent Public Hospital No. 4, Doktora Kazimierza Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
²Karol Marcinkowski University Hospital, Zyty 26, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
³University Clinical Hospital of Opole al.W.Witosa 26 45-401 Opole, Poland
⁴Ministry of the Interior and Administration Hospital, Północna 42, 91-425 Łódź, Poland
⁵Medical University of Łódź, al. Kościuszki 4, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
⁶Mikolaj Pirogov Provincial Specialist Hospital, Wólczańska 191/195, 90-001 Łódź, Poland
⁷Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 251, 90-213 Łódź, Poland

^♦Corresponding author
Marcin Kaniewski, The Independent Public Hospital No. 4, Doktora Kazimierza Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular disorders are the main cause of death in the world. These include various incidents like cerebral or myocardial infarction. Such an important issue necessitates finding a marker in order to predict mentioned events. Recent studies suggest that homocysteine, an amino acid involved in the homocysteine-methionine cycle, may serve this role, as its elevated levels are common in patients with cardiovascular conditions. This review aims to assess its predictive value. For this review, studies published in English from January 2017 to July 2025 were selected from the PubMed database. In conclusion, the association between homocysteine and cardiovascular disorders is complex and requires additional investigation. However, high blood homocysteine levels are independently a risk factor for numerous cardiovascular events, such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic episodes. Such a correlation provides a marker that can be used to monitor, evaluate risk, and predict the aforementioned events.

Keywords: homocysteine, myocardial infarction

Medical Science, 2026, 30, e76ms3822

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v30i170.e76ms3822

Published: 21 April 2026