Volume 30, Issue 169, March 2026

The latest reports about sodiumglucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors – a literature review

Aleksandra Rusak-Sobolewska^1♦, Gabriela Krych², Joanna Oklińska², Michał Skóra², Klaudia Jadczak³, Bartłomiej Kazimierski², Weronika Gniado², Dawid Mądry²

¹The Nicolaus Copernicus Municipal Polyclinical Hospital in Olsztyn, ul. Niepodległości 44, 10-045 Olsztyn, Poland
²Provincial Complex Hospital named after Jędrzej Śniadecki in Białystok, ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 26, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
³University Clinical Hospital in Białystok, ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 26, 15-276 Białystok, Poland

^♦Corresponding author
Aleksandra Rusak-Sobolewska, The Nicolaus Copernicus Municipal Polyclinical Hospital in Olsztyn, ul. Niepodległości 44, 10-045 Olsztyn, Poland

ABSTRACT

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are currently one of the most widely prescribed anti-hyperglycaemic drugs, and their popularity is rapidly increasing. As time has passed, it has turned out that these drugs are not only effective in treating diabetes mellitus 2, but also atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and heart failure, which are common DM2 comorbidities. Although flozins are associated with certain adverse effects, the latest research continues to identify subsequent potential therapeutic benefits. This article aimed to present the most recent studies from 2024 about these agents, including both positive and negative findings. A literature review was performed using following databases - the PubMed and Google Scholar. Appied terms were: “SGLT2 inhibitors and cancers,” “SGLT2 inhibitors and chronic diseases,” and “electrolytes and haemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus.” Recent studies appear to be highly optimistic regarding SGLT2 inhibitors, demonstrating a reduced risk of hyperkalaemia, increased haemoglobin levels, a potential additional role in the management of atrial fibrillation, and possible anticancer effects. This article is a valid encouragement to continue studies about these agents, because with their multifunctional effects, they might turn out to be a universal drug for lifestyle diseases that more and more people suffer from.

Keywords: SGLT2-inhibitors, flozins, dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, lifestyle diseases

Medical Science, 2026, 30, e60ms3839

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v30i169.e60ms3839

Published: 30 March 2026