Volume 29, Issue 162, August 2025

Impact of bronchial asthma on the occurrence of complications in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Przemysław Prokop^1♦, Szymon Graczyk¹, Zuzanna Wróbel², Paula Szymańska³, Aleksandra Podraszka³, Ewelina Knapczyk³

¹MedTech Association of Medical University of Silesia. Katowice, Poland
²Department of Neurology, Faculty of the Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
³Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

^♦Corresponding author
Przemysław Prokop, MedTech Association of Medical University of Silesia. Katowice, Poland

ABSTRACT

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and asthma are severe lung problems. This study looked at whether having asthma makes it more likely for someone with ARDS to have complications. It focused particularly on the development of acute respiratory failure. Based on a review of literature from January 2011 to April 2025, including clinical studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews, researchers found that asthma modifies the course of ARDS by increasing the risk of complications such as dynamic hyperinflation-related lung injury, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, thromboembolic events, pneumothorax, and nosocomial infections. At the same time, patients with asthma showed a decreased incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) compared to those without this comorbidity. The study also discusses the chronic consequences of ARDS in patients with asthma, such as pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, pulmonary fibrosis, and neurological disorders.

Keywords: asthma, ARDS, hypoxemia, pulmonary complications, respiratory failure

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e131ms3610

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v29i162.e131ms3610

Published: 18 August 2025