Volume 29, Issue 156, February 2025

Genetic factors in the occurrence of schizophrenia and the effects of physical activity on schizophrenia symptoms

Piotr Pierzchała^1♦, Michalina Minkowska¹, Urszula Muroń², Maciej Gancarczyk³, Sabina Ściążko-Gancarczyk³, Filip Lachowski⁴

¹Wielospecjalistyczny Szpital Powiatowy S.A. im. dr B. Hagera w Tarnowskich Górach, ul. Pyskowicka 47-51, 42-612 Tarnowskie Góry, Polska
²Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, ul. Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055 Katowice, Polska
³Regionalny Szpital Specjalistyczny im. dr Władysława Biegańskiego w Grudziądzu, ul. Doktora Ludwika Rydygiera 15-17, 86-300 Grudziądz, Polska
⁴Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-952 Gdańsk, Polska

^♦Corresponding Author
1Wielospecjalistyczny Szpital Powiatowy S.A. im. dr B. Hagera w Tarnowskich Górach, ul. Pyskowicka 47-51, 42-612 Tarnowskie Góry, Polska

ABSTRACT

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the general population. Genetic factors play a complex role in its development. The inheritance pattern is complex, non-Mendelian, and usually results from a combination of genetic factors. In addition to environmental factors, whose exact impact remains unknown, this work summarizes the genetic variants influencing the occurrence of schizophrenia. Analysis of schizophrenia inheritance focuses on evaluating genetic transmission through genome-wide association studies, studies on copy-number variants, and next-generation sequencing. Additionally, this study examines the impact of physical exercise on schizophrenia symptoms. The following research highlights the crucial role of genes in the inheritance of schizophrenia. Furthermore, it demonstrates the initial effectiveness of physical activity in schizophrenia treatment.

Keywords: Schizophrenia, GWAS, complex disorders, physical exercise, polygenic, genetics

Medical Science, 2025, 29, e36ms3529

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v29i156.e36ms3529

Published: 15 February 2025