Volume 28, Issue 153, November 2024

Current and emerging treatment approaches for acromegaly: A literature review

Piotr Malinowski^1♦, Piotr Sikorski², Urszula Kopczyńska³, Cezary Kopczyński⁴

¹Mazovian Bródnowski Hospital, Ludwika Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland
²Mazovian Bródnowski Hospital, Ludwika Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland
³District Medical Center in Grójec, Piotra Skargi 10, 05-600 Grójec, Poland
⁴Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland

^♦Corresponding Author
Mazovian Bródnowski Hospital, Ludwika Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland

ABSTRACT

This article reviews current therapies for managing acromegaly caused by pituitary adenomas. The literature analysis identifies three treatment approaches: Surgical intervention, medical treatment using first- and second-generation somatostatin analogs, growth hormone receptor antagonists, and radiotherapy. We analyzed each line regarding its adaptation to the individual situation of each patient and available prognostic factors for a positive response. The analysis concludes that the most advantageous approach remains to initiate treatment with surgical intervention, followed by subsequent utilization of other treatment lines starting from first-generation somatostatin analogs and, in case of their inefficacy, second-generation somatostatin analogs and growth hormone antagonists. Given the dynamic development of second-generation somatostatin analogs and growth hormone antagonists, which exhibit high therapeutic efficacy, radiotherapy diminishes in significance. It only applies to patients for whom all other treatment modalities have failed.

Keywords: Acromegaly, pituitary adenoma, growth hormone, pasireotide, pegvisomant

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e137ms3460

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i153.e137ms3460

Published: 12 November 2024