Volume 28, Issue 151, Septemper 2024

Macronutrients in context for cancer biology and risk of carcinogenesis

Gustaw Laskowski^1♦, Piotr Węgrzyn¹, Konstancja Węgrzyn¹, Agnieszka Góra², Marcin Wasilewski³, Maciej Nowicki⁴, Julia Skwara⁴, Dawid Barański³, Natalia Dąbrowska⁵, Anna Salińska⁶

¹Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str. 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
²Medical University of Warsaw, 61 Żwirki i Wigury Str. 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
³Jerzy Popiełuszko Bielański Hospital – Independent Public Healthcare Centre, 80 Cegłowska Str. 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
⁴National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
⁵Szpital Dzieciątka Jezus, 4 Lindleya Str. 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
6Mazowiecki Szpital Bródnowski, ul. Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland

^♦Corresponding Author
Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str. 02-097 Warsaw, Poland

ABSTRACT

The incidence of cancer cases is constantly rising despite the continuous development of medical science in this area of interest. Although neoplastic transformation and the mechanisms of tumor cell metabolism have already been widely studied, we still do not know enough how to prevent and treat cancer effectively. Every year, the picture of cancer cell physiology is dynamically changing due to ongoing research and discoveries. This review includes an analysis of publications in the scientific databases PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar, which were selectively reviewed for various compounds and metabolic processes involved in carcinogenesis. To systematize current knowledge, selected publications were divided into three groups representing each macronutrient. By understanding metabolic pathways and dietary influences of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, the review provides insights into potential preventive measures. The findings emphasize the need for continued research on cancer metabolism and nutrition-based interventions to prevent cancer and develop more effective therapies.

Keywords: Cancer biology; macronutrients; carbohydrates; lipids; proteins; diet

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e125ms3438

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i151.e125ms3438

Published: 25 September 2024