Volume 28, Issue 149, July 2024

Long term effects of mechanical ventilation on lung function in critical care patients: Systematic review

Hussain Al-Haji, Jalal Al-Qahtani, Ali Nasser Al-Aliani, Othman Khalid Abahoussin, Tariq Alshehri, Mohammed Al-Mesned, Thamer Awadh Alanazi, Yasser Al-Shammari, Ahmad Al-Aqeily

Respiratory Therapist, National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Background: Weaning the patient off the ventilator becomes difficult when the diaphragm contraction ability deteriorates, which often occurs after a prolonged period of mechanical ventilation. In this study, our goal was to analyze previous research showing that patients in intensive care units have diaphragmatic dysfunction and respiratory muscle atrophy brought on by mechanical ventilation. Method: The present systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Utilizing the medical phrases diaphragm, respiratory muscle, mechanical ventilation, and lung function. To find relevant publications published between 2008 and 2024, we searched PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS extensively for relevant literature. The study types that we searched were observational studies, cohort studies, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials. Result: Ten articles examining the impact of mechanical ventilation on lung function and respiratory muscle were included in the analysis; three research employed histology, and seven studies used ultrasound as an assessment method. Acute respiratory failure, extended MV periods, and ICU hospitalizations are associated with progressive diaphragm atrophy during MV. In a statistically meaningful way, neurologically adjusted ventilation assists lowers the incidence of diaphragm malfunction. Conclusion: Diaphragmatic rest and mechanical ventilation result in the atrophy of diaphragm myofibers considerably. An increase in diaphragmatic proteolysis during inactivity was observed during prolonged MV. Diaphragm atrophy brought on by MV significantly affects the outcomes.

Keywords: Mechanical ventilation, Lung Function, Diaphragm atrophy, Diaphragm contractility

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e77ms3392

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i149.e77ms3392

Published: 21 July 2024