Volume 28, Issue 148, June 2024

Unraveling the dynamics of chronic Hepatitis B: An inclusive scrutiny of patient outcomes and disease progression from 2008- 2024

Fatimah Alshahrani^1,2

¹College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
²Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Email: Falshahrani1@ksu.edu.sa, ORCID: 0000-0002-4646-7488

ABSTRACT

Background: The morbidity and mortality associated with HBV in Saudi Arabia underscore its status as a significant public health concern. Even with global vaccination success. Objectives: To analyze CHB data from 2008 to 2024 in the SOLID registry and evaluate the effects of 12-month follow-up in both treated and untreated subjects. Methods: This retrospective study used SOLID registry data from 2008 to 2024, analyzing 1564 CHB patients. Part 1 focused on baseline characteristics, categorizing patients into active or inactive diseases based on international guidelines. Exclusion criteria included co-infections and significant deficiencies in baseline parameters. Part 2 included 699 subjects with follow-up >12 months, comparing untreated and treated groups. Outcome measures included demographics, laboratory values, and non-invasive fibrosis markers. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21.5, with data presented as means or frequencies. The study received ethical approval (IRB Approval Number: E-20-4622), with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: Notable discrepancies were detected between dynamic and dormant groups for various parameters (p<0.001). HBeAg-positive participants showed elevated hepatic parameters compared to HBeAg-negative (p<0.001). ALT levels correlated with differences in biochemical profiles (p<0.001). Cirrhosis prevalence was higher in the active group (p=0.001). During the 12-month follow-up, treated subjects exhibited elevated hepatic parameters (p<0.001). HBeAg-positive cases had increased complications (p=0.001). ALT level alterations significantly impacted clinical profiles (p<0.001). Results suggest diverse outcomes in HBV patients, emphasizing the need for individualized management. Conclusion: This study highlights the heightened risk of hepatic complications in active CHB patients and emphasizes the poorer prognosis in HBeAg-negative cases.

Keywords: Chronic Hepatitis B, Inclusive, Scrutiny, Patient Outcomes, Disease Progression, 2008-2024

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e55ms3374

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i148.e55ms3374

Published: 18 June 2024