Volume 28, Issue 145, March 2024

The influence of sociodemographic factors on the control of blood glucose levels among diabetic outpatients visiting various community pharmacies in Lahore

Muhammad Zahid Iqbal^1♦, Naeem Mubarak¹, Noor Fatima², Laiba Zaheer¹, Aneeza Safdar¹, Iqra Mansoor¹, Neha Fatima¹, Zonia Iqbal², Amna Razzaq¹, Tooba Farooq¹, Sadia Ahmad¹, Fizzah Saleem³, Maham Maqsood⁴, Maham Bukhari⁵, Nisha Noor¹, Muhammad Abuzar Khan⁶

¹Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
²Resident Pharmacist at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
³Continental Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
⁴Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
⁵Avicenna Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
⁶Masters Student, University of East London, UK

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating effective blood glucose control to prevent complications. Sociodemographic factors influence diabetes management. Objective: This study aimed to identify sociodemographic determinants influencing blood glucose control in diabetic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study determined the effect of sociodemographic determinants on the control of blood glucose levels in people with diabetes. Data has been collected through a prepared and validated data collection form. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) ver. 25.0 was used to analyze the data. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association of these determinants with the control of blood glucose levels in patients having diabetes. Results: A statistically significant association was observed (p<0.005) between the control of blood glucose level and the gender of patients. More power was observed in female patients, 78.6% COR 2.521 (1.82-3.93). The presence of healthcare providers in the patient's family was also observed to be in significant association with the control of blood glucose level (COR = 2.122, p<0.001). Similarly, a robust significant association was observed in the patients of diabetes receiving three drugs combination (COR = 3.922, p<0.001) for the treatment, and patient education was also directly associated with the control of blood glucose level (COR = 1.599, p<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, the presence of hypertension as a comorbidity along with diabetes mellitus is a crucial determinant in the present study, and a patient's adherence to following prescribed medication leads to improved blood glucose level control.

Keywords: Sociodemographic determinants, Hypertension, Confounders, Factors, Hypertensive Patients, Control of Hypertension

Medical Science, 2024, 28, e17ms3311

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v28i145.e17ms3311

Published: 20 March 2024