Volume 26, Issue 121, March 2022

Color Doppler Sonography in fetal growth retardation: Need of the hour

Avinash Dhok^♦, Kajal Mitra

Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Digdoh hills, Nagpur 440019, Maharashtra, India

^♦Corresponding author
Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Digdoh hills, Nagpur 440019, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT

Objective: Color Doppler sonography and flow velocimetry of fetal UA, MCA, and RA for accurate prediction of perinatal outcome in fetal growth retardation. Material and methods: Prospective study of 200 singleton pregnancies having FGR (24-39 weeks). BPD, HC, AC and FL were obtained for fetal weight on high end sonography machine with 2-5 MHz transducer. Color Doppler waveform measurements of fetal UA PI, MCA PI, RA PI, UA/MCA PI ratio, and RA/MCA PI ratio were calculated. Results: Analysis of 197 pregnant women and 197 fetuses was done. 40.6 percent pregnant women had one or more complication of pregnancy such as hypertension, diabetes, preterm membrane rupture, vaginal bleeding, and miscellaneous complications. There were 8 stillbirths and 189 live births. 103 of 189 live born neonates were hospitalized to premature baby critical care unit, 86 staying for 48 hours or more. 47 fetuses experienced perinatal problem, 8 Still births, 3 infant deaths, 1 ischemic encephalopathy of hypoxia, 1 intraventricular hemorrhage, 1 periventricular leukomalacia, 2 necrotic enterocolitis, 33 Cesarean section, 5 pH of umbilical cord less than 7.1 and 13 Apgar score less than 7 were minor outcomes. UA PI sensitivity 85.17%, MCA PI sensitivity 70.25% and RA PI sensitivity 37.50% was observed. Conclusion: An aberrant UA PI suggests poor perinatal results. Normal MCA PI identifies fetuses unlikely to have significant perinatal problems.

Keywords: Fetal Growth Retardation, Perinatal Outcome, Color Doppler Sonography, Umbilical Artery, Middle Cerebral Artery, Renal Artery

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms108e2086

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v26i121/ms108e2086

Published: 25 March 2022