Volume 26, Issue 120, February 2022

The association between leptin levels with glycemic control, body mass index, and progression of HbA1c values in type 1 diabetic children in Southwestern Saudi Arabia

Mohammed Ayed Huneif¹, Mohammed Helmy Faris Shalayel², Elhashimi Eltayb Hassan³, Amar B Elhussein⁴, Omar E Fadlelseed⁵, Hassan Gumaa Mustafa Hamid⁶, Amin A A Elbadawi⁶, Sultan A Almedhesh¹, Seham M Alqahtani¹, Abdulwahab Alqahtani¹, Mohammed Jamaan Alzahrani¹, Dhafer Batti Alshehri¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Najran University, Saudi Arabia
²Professor of Biochemistry, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia
³Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Najran University, Saudi Arabia
⁴Department of Biochemistry, Nile University, Sudan
⁵Department of Biochemistry, National University, Sudan
⁶Department of Biochemistry, Najran University, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a widespread serious metabolic disease with both short and long-term complications. Leptin is a polypeptide hormone, exclusively secreted from adipose tissue and its level is directly proportional to the amount of body fat. There was growing evidence that leptin level has an impact on insulin sensitivity, so this study aims to demonstrate the relationship between total plasma leptin concentrations with glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose levels, and body mass index in diabetic children. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in the Najran University Hospital and included 133 type 1 diabetic children and 71 healthy controls in the same age group. In this due, plasma fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, and leptin were analyzed. Results: Significantly higher values of leptin in the diabetic group were seen in our study. In addition, leptin showed non-significant positive correlations with FBG in diabetic children (r=0.110, p=0.359). While, it revealed positive significant correlations with HA1c and BMI (r=0.245, p=0.005 and r=0.393, p<0.001 respectively) and a non-significant positive correlation with age (r=0.64 and p=0.593). Conclusions: Our results displayed that leptin in children with type 1 diabetes was significantly greater than what was seen in the normoglycemic control group. Moreover, leptin was correlated with HbA1c and BMI and this may explain the insulin implication in the secretion of leptin.

Keywords: Insulin; Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM); Leptin; HbA1c; BMI

Medical Science, 2022, 26, ms64e2085

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi/v26i120/ms64e2085

Published: 12 February 2022