Volume 25, Issue 118, December 2021

Self-assessment of tooth discoloration on natural anterior teeth between different types of smoking among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Mohammed Awawdeh^1,2,3, Abeeralrumyyan^1,2,3, Abdulrahman Alsomali¹, Ahmed Alharbi¹, Ali Almutairi¹, Ali Alammari¹, Rakan Alhadlaq¹, Anas Alanazi¹

¹College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
²King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
³Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The aim of the study is to evaluate anterior teeth staining caused by different types of smoking. Methodology: Questionnaire was prepared to have the following sections: Sociodemographic, oral hygiene practices, smoking habits and evaluation of teeth staining. The questionnaire and dental staining evaluation were conducted as follows. Pictures with different severities of staining were provided in the questionnaire, and it will be used by the participant to conclude the severity of their stains. In regard to stains, it will be classified as follows: no-stains, mild, moderate and severe. In addition, the questionnaire will contain four pictures with varying levels of stains coverage. Results: A total 465 participants from different demographical backgrounds who all met intended criteria. The study shows the participants who smoked any of the following traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes and hookah had high staining on their anterior teeth. In addition, respondents with poor oral hygiene had worse tooth stain score compared to those who had good oral hygiene. Conclusion: From our research we can conclude that smoking any of following traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes or hookah can cause tooth stating. This is usually worsened by the poor of oral hygiene which as indicated by our research.

Keywords: Teeth staining, Teeth discoloration, Smoking, Cigarettes, Electronic cigarettes, Shisha, E-cigarettes, Hookah.

Medical Science, 2021, 25(118), 3101-3113

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