Volume 25, Issue 116, October 2021

Cytogenetic prognostication of acute myeloid leukemia from a tertiary care hospital in Chennai

Suguna Elumalai^1♦, Chitralekha Saikumar², Florida Tilton³

¹Research Scholar / Research Assistant, Genomic Research Centre, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (SBMCH) BIHER, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
²HOD & Professor, Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (SBMCH) BIHER, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
³Chief Scientist, Molecular Diagnostics, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (SBMCH) BIHER & Managing Director, Biozone Research Technologies Private Limited, Chennai, India

^♦Corresponding author
Research Scholar / Research Assistant, Genomic Research Centre, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital (SBMCH) BIHER, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) comes under the class of haematological malignant disorders. Karyotypic aberrations at diagnosis are crucial for the assessment of the response to medication and the recognition of an initial recurrence of the disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five de novo subjects of myelogenous leukemia were enrolled in the study. Examination of AML was based on morphology on bone marrow (BM) aspirates; cytochemistry and chromosomal analysis were executed by unstimulated cultures using the regular cytogenetic technique. Results: There were 21 females and 14 males with an age group ≥ of 16 years. Cytogenetic investigation of these subjects showed normal karyotype in 7 (20%) patients and aberrant karyotype in 28 (80%) patients. Cytogenetic data in AML was grouped into three types: favourable risk, intermediate-risk, and unfavourable risk. Cases in the standard-risk group react well to the chemotherapy while cases with intermediate and unfavourable karyotype had relapsed. Conclusion: We endorsed that cytogenetics will be achieved frequently in all subjects of AML. During the investigation, molecular markers should be combined with cytogenetic studies for risk stratification to enhance the therapeutic scenarios.

Keywords: Acute myelogenous leukemia, Bone Marrow, Cytochemistry, Haematological disorder, Karyotyping

Medical Science, 2021, 25(116), 2595-2601

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