Volume 24, Issue 103, May - June, 2020

Utility of histopathological grading in cancers in the era of molecular genetics

Raza Shaheed^1♦, Samarth Shukla², Sourya Acharya³, Miheer Jagtap⁴, Neema Acharya⁵

¹Undergraduate Student (MBBS), J. N. Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (M.S), Email: razashahid27196@gmail.com
²Professor, Department of Pathology, J. N. Medical College, AVBRH, DMIMS (D U), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (M.S), Email: samarth21174@gmail.com
³Professor, Department of Medicine, J. N. Medical College, AVBRH, DMIMS (D U), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (M.S), Email: souryaacharya74@gmail.com
⁴Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, J. N. Medical College, AVBRH, DMIMS (D U), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (M.S), Email: miheerjagtap@gmail.com
⁵Professor, Department of OBGY, J. N. Medical College, AVBRH, DMIMS (D U), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (M.S), Email: neemasacharya@gmail.com

^♦Corresponding author
Undergraduate Student (MBBS), J. N. Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001 (M.S), India. Email: razashahid27196@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Cancer is one of the major leading causes of death across the globe. Accurate grading and staging of malignancy are extremely important. Histopathology is the gold standard for grading of tumors. However, with the advent of immune histochemistry the tumor proliferative behavior can be more accurately interpreted. So, it is important to assess the tumor grades on histopathology with their corresponding immunohistochemical profile. Aim: To assess the histopathological grading status of tumors in comparison to their proliferative behavior and immunophenotype through immunochemistry. Materials and Methods: Cases diagnosed with Breast, Oral and Glial cancer were surgically operated. Tumors were graded on histopathology subsequently subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The histopathological grading was compared to the Breast carcinoma immunophenotypes, Glial tumor nuclear proliferative potential with Ki67 and in oral cancer Tp53 mutant gene status respectively. Chi square test analysis was done. Results: A total of 165 cases of cancer were analyzed. A significant correlation was found between the histopathological grades and immunophenotypes of Breast (2 א -value= 89.97, p-value=0.0001), Oral (2 א -value= 95.27, p value= 0.0001) and Glial cancers (2 א -value= 43.22, p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion: The study showed that the grades in breast carcinoma matched with corresponding immunophenotypes. Similarly, when comparing glial tumors and oral carcinomas with Ki67 labelling index and Tp53 positivity status, higher grades corresponded with higher Ki67 and Tp53 positivity.

Keywords: Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, Immunophenotypes, Breast carcinoma, glial tumors, Oral carcinoma

Medical Science, 2020, 24(103), 1188-1199

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