Volume 24, Issue 102, March - April, 2020

Atopic dermatitis and sleep quality among preschool children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Manal I. Mahmoud^1♦, Malak A. Algarni², Wedad H. Aljefri², Boran M. Bawarith², Alsadouf M. Bawarith², Abrar T. Aljohani²

¹Department of Family and Community Medicine, Ibn Sina National Collage for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
²Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt / Faculty of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Ibn Sina National Collage for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Email: manal.azab@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common form of dermatitis which mainly affects children. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationship between AD and sleep quality in preschool children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from July to September 2019 including 150 preschoolers with AD at the outpatient clinics of three private hospitals in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A specially designed interview format was conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: A total of 68.4% of preschoolers with poor sleep quality had clinically AD (p=0.006). The mean age was 40.1 ± 13.77 months (p= 0.006) and 55.3% of patients were female (p=0.020). The mean sleeping index was 0.6 ± 0.32 people/room (p=0.007). The mean percent score for exposure to allergens was 80.2 ± 11.89 (p=0.000). The mean percent score for all atopic conditions was 78.9 ± 9.54%; p=0.028). The clinical state of dermatitis (Odds ratio (OR)= 6.1; CI= 4.7-8.7), atopic conditions (OR= 5.8; CI=2.1-6.7), exposure to allergens (OR= 4.5; CI=2.1-6.7), and family history of atopy (OR=3.1; CI=1.6-3.9) were found to be independent predictors of sleep quality. Conclusion: Sleep quality is affected by the clinical presentation of dermatitis, age, gender, sleeping index, exposure to allergens, and associated atopic conditions.

Keywords: dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, pruritus, preschool children, sleep disturbance, sleep pattern

Medical Science, 2020, 24(102), 927-934

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