Volume 24, Issue 102, March - April, 2020

Study of clinico-radiological profile of mediastinal masses in a tertiary care centre

Aishwarya Dubey¹, Babaji Ghewade^2♦, Keerthan Ganapathi³, Diti Gandhasiri⁴, Dadasaheb Sherekar⁵

¹Junior resident, department of respiratory medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Sawangi, Wardha
²Professor and Head, department of respiratory medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Sawangi, Wardha
³Junior resident, department of respiratory medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Sawangi, Wardha
⁴Junior resident, department of respiratory medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Sawangi, Wardha
⁵Junior resident, department of respiratory medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Sawangi, Wardha

^♦Corresponding author
Professor and Head, department of respiratory medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Sawangi, Wardha, India Email: crownbabaji@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Mediastinal masses are relatively uncommon entities and continue to be an interesting diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to pulmonologists and thoracic surgeons and account for 3% of the tumours within the thorax. There has been a significant increase in the incidence of malignant mediastinal tumours over the past five decades. The presentation varies from asymptomatic lesions detected incidentally on radio imaging to severe life-threatening presentations. Aim and Objectives: To study the clinical, radiological and histomorphological profile of patients of mediastinal mass lesions at AVBRH. Materials and Methods: In this two-year prospective study, a total of 27 subjects who were suspected or diagnosed as mediastinal mass lesion, later confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT) imaging were included. The results were expressed as percentages or proportions. Results: Maximum numbers of patients (22.22%) were seen in the 7th decade and all patients (100%) were symptomatic at presentation. Malignant lesions (55.56%) were more common than benign (44.44%) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and thymic carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumour (11.11%). Mediastinal widening on chest X-ray was seen in 18 cases (66.66%), pleural effusion was seen in 14 cases (51.85%). On CT imaging and sub classification, anterior mediastinum was the commonest compartment involved (62.96%). Conclusion: The mediastinum is a complex anatomic area playing host to a wide variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions with different management plan to facilitate timely treatment. Adequate knowledge of the mediastinal compartments and precise localization and characterization of the lesions with the help of radiological modalities may help narrow the differential diagnosis.

Keywords: : Mediastinal mass, Computed Tomography, Lymphoma, Thymic carcinoma

Medical Science, 2020, 24(102), 664-672

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