Volume 18, Issue 41, January - June, 2024

Prescribing pattern of antihypertensive agents in patients with Type 2 Diabetes patients visiting governmental hospital in Yemen capital city, Sana’a

Khaled Mohammed Alakhali^1,2♦, Ali Salman Alshami¹, Abdullah Ahmed Al-dahbali^2,3, Sakran Faiz Khaled Mohammed²

¹Department of Pharmacy, Medical School in Thamar University, Republic of Yemen
²Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Republic of Yemen
³Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy in Sanaa University, Yemen Republic

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Pharmacy, Medical School in Thamar University, Lebanese International University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Republic of Yemen

ABSTRACT

Background: The prevalence of hypertension has been observed to be high among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, the coexistence of both illnesses has been linked to an elevated susceptibility to cardiovascular problems. Hence, it is imperative to ensure adequate blood pressure regulation using suitable antihypertensive medication. This study aims to evaluate the prescription patterns of antihypertensive medicines among patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the capital city of Yemen, Sana'a. Method: A two-month prospective study was undertaken in Sudanese government hospitals. We obtained the antihypertensive prescriptions from patients receiving care at the outpatient department of general medicine. The study excluded pregnant women, non-diabetic patients, and patients under the age of 35. Results: In terms of prescription frequency, the rennin angiotensin-aldosterone system (ACE-I/ARBS) was the most commonly prescribed medication (48%), followed by beta-blockers (41%), calcium channel blockers (5.4%), and thiazide diuretics (5.4%), regardless of whether they were used alone or in combination. Because our patients had cardiovascular problems, combination therapy was more prevalent than monotherapy (87.3% vs. 12.7%). Lisinopril was widely utilized. Furthermore, the study frequently employed ARBs, which are advantageous for patients with both hypertension and diabetes mellitus. It is advisable to utilize ACEI or ARBs as the initial treatment option due to their renal protective impact. Conclusion: The prescribing pattern adhered to the JNC 8 guideline, which is an international standard. The use of the RAAS system as a first-line agent is advocated due to its demonstrated efficacy in kidney protection.

Keywords: Hypertension, diabetes, antihypertensive drugs, governmental hospitals, anti-diabetics

Drug Discovery, 2024, 18(41), e13dd1985

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v18i41.e13dd1985

Published: 27 May 2024