Volume 16, Issue 37, January - June, 2022

Renal impact of desloratadine/dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine on healthy and parasitized mice

Georgewill UO¹, Ebong NO¹, Adikwu E^2♦

¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
²Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

^♦Corresponding author
Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Desloratadine/dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (DL/D/P) showed promising therapeutic activity on Plasmodium berghei. This study evaluated its renal impact on healthy and Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Fifty-four adult Swiss albino mice used were randomized into 9 groups. Thirty mice (n=6/group) were inoculated with Plasmodium berghei (1 X 107 ) and treated with normal saline (0.2ml) (Parasitized control), DL, D/P and DL/D/P daily for 4 days, respectively. The non-parasitized control was treated with normal saline (0.2ml) daily for 4 days. In the sub-acute toxicity study, twenty four healthy mice (n=6) were treated with normal saline (0.2ml) (Control), DL, D/P and DL/D/P daily for 28 days, respectively. After treatment, the mice were weighed and anesthetized. Blood samples were collected and evaluate for renal biochemical markers. Kidney samples were weighed and analysed for markers of oxidative stress and histology. DL, D/P and DL/D/P did not produce significant (p>0.05) effects on renal function markers in parasitized mice when compared to control. DL, D/P and DL/D/P significantly decreased body weight and significantly increased kidney weight in healthy mice at p<0.05, p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively when compared to control. Serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and kidney malondialdehyde levels were increased significantly in DL (p<0.05), D/P (p<0.05) and DL/D/P (p<0.01) treated healthy mice when compared to control. Significantly decreased kidney glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase levels were observed in healthy mice treated with DL (p<0.05), D/P (p<0.01) and DL/D/P (p<0.001) when compared to control. DL/D/P produced tubular necrosis, vacuolated glomerular mesangial cells and increased Bowman’s space in healthy mice. The prolonged use of DL/D/P may cause renal dysfunction

Keywords: Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine, Desloratadine, Plasmodium, Mice, Renal, Toxicity

Drug Discovery, 2022, 16(37), 45-52

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