Volume 10, Issue 22, July - December 2024

Energy input-output analysis cost for tomato production in Turkey

Issaka Saidou Ismailla¹, Yann Emmanuel Miassi^1,2,3♦, Şinasi Akdemir¹, Kossivi Fabrice Dossa^2,3,4

¹Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics, Çukurova University, Adana, 01330, Turkey
²Faculty of Forestry, Geography and Geomatics, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada
³Action-Research for Sustainable Development NGO, Department of Research Project, Cotonou, 03296, Benin
⁴Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 041006, Nigeria

^♦Corresponding author
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics, Çukurova University, Adana, 01330, Turkey; Faculty of Forestry, Geography and Geomatics, Laval University, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada; Action-Research for Sustainable Development NGO, Department of Research Project, Cotonou, 03296, Benin

ABSTRACT

This study, conducted in Elazig with the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture, aims to quantify the energy and costs associated with tomato production. This analysis aims to improve efficiency, reduce production costs, and improve production profitability. Data collection involved surveys and questionnaires, supplemented by focus groups to verify information. The study covers the entire tomato production process, highlighting the energy inputs and outputs associated with tomato cultivation. The results reveal that the energy inputs associated with tomatoes vary according to production altitude. At 30 m altitude, the energy input is 5914.83 MJda-1. The increases to 6982.62 MJda-1 at 75 m, 8414.48 MJda-1 between 75-150 m, and 9240.36 MJda-1 at 150 m and above. Irrigation is the most energy-intensive stage, accounting for 36.28% of total energy consumption. Other activities, such as sowing and transporting produce to market, also contribute significantly to energy consumption. The primary energy sources used in tomato production include 29% direct energy, 17.05% indirect energy, 18.31% renewable energy, and 35.63% non-renewable energy. Total production costs, including variable and fixed costs, vary with altitude, affecting the cost of production per kilogram and net income. Lower altitudes generally produce higher net revenues and benefit-cost ratios, indicating greater profitability. It is, therefore, vital to optimize irrigation methods to reduce energy consumption and production costs. Strategies such as efficient irrigation systems and alternative water sources can contribute to the sustainability and improved profitability of tomato cultivation.

Keywords: Elazig, Energy efficiency, Energy use, Sustainability, Tomato

Discovery Agriculture, 2024, 10, e16da1581

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.54905/disssi.v10i22.e16da1581

Published: 03 July 2024