Volume 24, Issue 106, November - December, 2020

Lack of Association between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism (rs4340) and Risk of Myocardial Infarction

Safaa Awad Mohammed Ibrahim¹, Elshazali Widaa Ali^1,2♦

¹Department of Haematology, Faculty of medical laboratory sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
²Department of medical laboratory science, College of applied medical science, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia

^♦Corresponding author
Elshazali Widaa Ali, College of applied medical science, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia; Mobile: 00966562730214 Email: elshazaliwidaa@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background: The enzyme ‘Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)’ modulates the fibrinolytic balance by converting angiotensin I into angiotensin II, which increase the activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Besides, it degrades bradykinin, which an important mediator of the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). Thus, decreases fibrinolysis and may result in increased thrombotic risk. An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the ACE gene has been identified and correlated with the enzyme serum levels. Studies concerning the association of this polymorphism and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in different populations showed inconsistent results. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and the risk of myocardial infarction among the Sudanese population. Materials and methods: This is a case-control study, in which blood samples were collected from a total of 100 Sudanese subjects, 50 patients with myocardial infarction and 50 age- and sexmatched healthy volunteers as a control group. Genomic DNA was extracted by guanidine chloride method and ACE I/D polymorphism was analysed by Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (AS-PCR). Data of this study was collected using a structured interview questionnaire and analysed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results: The frequency D/D Genotype was higher in the control group than patients (72% vs 60%), while of the I/D genotype was higher in the patients than controls (40% vs 28%); the II genotype was absent in both study groups. The frequency of D allele was 0.80 in patients with MI and 0.86 in the control group, while the frequency of I Allele was 0.20 in the patients with MI and 0.14 in the control group. No statistically significant association was reported between ACE I/D polymorphic genotypes and MI (P.value= 0.29). Conclusion: ACE I/D polymorphism is not associated with the risk of MI among the Sudanese population.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction; Angiotensin converting enzyme; Insertion/deletion polymorphism

Medical Science, 2020, 24(106), 3987-3993

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